Our Health Library information does not replace the advice of a doctor. Please be advised that this information is made available to assist our patients to learn more about their health. Our providers may not see and/or treat all topics found herein.

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)

Condition Basics

What is acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)?

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is also called acute lymphocytic leukemia. It's a type of leukemia that causes the body to make too many lymphoblasts.

Lymphoblasts are a type of young white blood cell. They usually become mature infection-fighting cells called lymphocytes. But if those young cells don't mature like they should, they can become leukemia cells. These leukemia cells grow out of control in the bone marrow, crowding out normal blood-making cells. The leukemia cells can make their way into the blood and travel to other parts of the body. This causes swollen glands, lumps, and other problems.

What causes it?

Experts don't know what causes leukemia in most people. But they think that most leukemia happens because of things in the environment and in a person's genes.

Some things may increase the risk, such as having certain genetic conditions or being exposed to large amounts of radiation or certain chemicals.

What are the symptoms?

If you or your child has ALL, you may feel weak, tired, or have a fever. Or you may be pale or have a headache. Other symptoms in children and adults include bruising, bleeding easily, and bone pain.

How is it diagnosed?

The doctor will do a physical exam and blood tests. A bone marrow aspiration and biopsy also will likely be done. If the results point to leukemia, the doctor may do more tests on the blood or bone marrow samples to learn more about the type or subtype of leukemia.

How is ALL treated?

Most treatment plans for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) include three steps. Induction therapy kills leukemia cells in the blood and bone marrow to induce remission, Opens dialog. It includes chemotherapy, Opens dialog and corticosteroids, Opens dialog. Consolidation therapy kills any leukemia cells that might remain after induction. Maintenance therapy helps prevent relapse.

Next Section:

Health Tools

Current as of: October 25, 2024

Author: Ignite Healthwise, LLC Staff

Clinical Review Board
All Healthwise education is reviewed by a team that includes physicians, nurses, advanced practitioners, registered dieticians, and other healthcare professionals.